Language
English
Publication Date
5-30-2023
Journal
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
DOI
10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.07.002
PMID
35817656
PMCID
PMC9825685
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
5-30-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Abstract
Recent advances in pluripotent stem cell culture allow researchers to generate not only most embryonic cell types, but also morphologies of many embryonic structures, entirely in vitro. This recreation of embryonic form from naïve cells, known as synthetic morphogenesis, has important implications for both developmental biology and regenerative medicine. However, the capacity of stem cell-based models to recapitulate the morphogenetic cell behaviors that shape natural embryos remains unclear. In this review, we explore several examples of synthetic morphogenesis, with a focus on models of gastrulation and surrounding stages. By varying cell types, source species, and culture conditions, researchers have recreated aspects of primitive streak formation, emergence and elongation of the primary embryonic axis, neural tube closure, and more. Here, we describe cell behaviors within in vitro/ex vivo systems that mimic in vivo morphogenesis and highlight opportunities for more complete models of early development.
Keywords
Gastrulation, Morphogenesis, Gastrulation, Embryoid, Gastruloid, Morphogenesis, Synthetic development
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
, "Gastrulation Morphogenesis in Synthetic Systems" (2023). Faculty, Staff and Students Publications. 2073.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/2073