Language
English
Publication Date
2-1-2024
Journal
Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment
DOI
10.1016/j.josat.2023.209219
PMID
37981240
PMCID
PMC10922786
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
2-1-2025
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Abstract
Introduction: Activity space in people with substance use disorders (SUDs) has been assessed for theoretical reasons and for detection/prevention of relapse. In this observational study, we relate passively obtained activity space measures to mental states and behaviors relevant to the success of treatment for opioid use disorder. Our long-term goal is to use such data to assess risk in real time and to recognize when SUD patients might benefit from a just-in-time intervention.
Methods: We used GPS data from 238 urban residents in the first 16 weeks of stabilization on medication for opioid use disorder to test preregistered hypotheses about activity space (distance traveled, number of locations, time spent moving, and psychosocial-hazard levels of neighborhoods where participants spent time) in relation to certain static variables (personality, mood propensities) and time-varying treatment-relevant behaviors such as craving and use of opioids and cocaine.
Results: The most consistent findings were that 1) mobility decreased over the course of the study; 2) neuroticism was associated with overall lower mobility; 3) trait-like positive mood (averaged from momentary ratings) was associated with higher mobility; 4) participants who used cocaine more frequently had lower mobility; 5) early in treatment, participants spent less time moving (i.e., were more sedentary) on days when they were craving. Some of these findings were in the expected direction (i.e., the ones involving neuroticism and positive mood), and some were opposite to the expected direction (i.e., we expected cocaine use to be associated with higher mobility); others (e.g., changes in mobility over time or in relation to craving) involved nondirectional hypotheses.
Conclusions: Real-time information that patients actively provide is valuable for assessing their current state, but providing this information can be burdensome. The current results indicate that certain static or passively obtained data (personality variables and GPS-derived mobility information) are relevant to time-varying, treatment-relevant mental states and drug-related behavior, and therefore might be useful when incorporated into algorithms for detecting need for intervention in real time. Further research should assess how population-specific these relationships are, and how these passive measures can best be combined with low temporal-density, actively-provided data to obtain valid, reliable assessments with minimal burden.
Keywords
Humans, Opioid-Related Disorders, Analgesics, Opioid, Opiate Substitution Treatment, Personality, Cocaine, Activity space, GPS, Addiction, Opioid use disorder, Cocaine use
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Panlilio, Leigh V; Burgess-Hull, Albert J; Feldman, Jeffrey D; et al., "Activity Space During Treatment With Medication for Opioid Use Disorder: Relationships With Personality, Mood, and Drug Use" (2024). Faculty, Staff and Students Publications. 8640.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/8640