Date of Doctor of Nursing Practice Project Completion

Spring 5-4-2026

Faculty Advisor

Dr. Francine Snow

Abstract

Reducing Intraoperative Hypothermia in Adults 18-60 Undergoing Primary Elective Unilateral Total Knee Replacement with General Anesthesia

Background

Intraoperative hypothermia (core temperature < 36°C) is associated with increased surgical site infections, blood loss, prolonged recovery, and longer hospital stays. Because forced-air warming devices are restricted during total joint arthroplasty at the project site due to infection concerns, patients relied on passive warming, resulting in a baseline hypothermia rate of 63.3%

Purpose

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia among adults aged 18-60 undergoing primary elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty with general anesthesia by implementing a conductive warming device in the operating room of a large level 1 trauma hospital

Methodology

This evidence-based quality improvement project implemented a conductive warming blanket following staff education. Data was collected through the electronic health record. Primary outcomes included hypothermia incidence and average intraoperative temperature. Secondary outcomes included staff compliance and device-related adverse events.

Results

Hypothermia incidence decreased from 63.3% to 30%, exceeding the project goal. Average intraoperative temperatures increased by 0.5-0.8 °F, no device-related injuries occurred, and staff compliance reached 67%, improving after reinforcement

Implications

Conductive warming effectively reduced intraoperative hypothermia while providing a safe alternative when forced-air warming was restricted. Although the project was limited by a small sample size, lower-than-expected staff compliance, and limited device availability during implementation, meaningful improvements in patient temperature were observed. The intervention has been adopted as the standard warming practice for total joint surgeries and expanded to other surgical specialties, supporting sustainability. Future initiatives should increase sample size, improve staff compliance, and evaluate long-term patient outcomes.


Keywords

Intraoperative hypothermia, conductive warming, total knee arthroplasty, quality improvement, perioperative nursing

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.