Publication Date

2-1-2018

Journal

The Texas Heart Journal

DOI

10.14503/THIJ-16-5906

PMID

29556144

Publication Date(s)

February 2018

Language

English

PMCID

PMC5832089

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

2-1-2018

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-Print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Chi-square distribution, coronary angiography/utilization, exercise test, female, logistic models, microvascular angina/classification/epidemiology, predictive value of tests, referral and consultation, retrospective studies, ROC curve

Abstract

A major diagnostic challenge for cardiologists is to distinguish cardiac syndrome X (CSX) from obstructive coronary artery disease in women with typical angina and a positive exercise tolerance test (ETT). We performed this study to develop a scoring system that more accurately predicts CSX in this patient population.

Data on 976 women with typical angina and a positive ETT who underwent coronary angiography at our center were randomly divided into derivation and validation datasets. We developed a backward stepwise logistic regression model that predicted the presence of CSX, and a scoring system was derived from it.

The derivation dataset (809 patients) was calibrated by uing a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (8 degrees of freedom; χ2=12.9; P=0.115), and the area under the curve was 0.758. The validation dataset (167 patients) was calibrated in the same way (8 degrees of freedom; χ2=9.0; P=0.339), and the area under the curve was 0.782. Independent predictors of CSX were age <55 years; negative histories of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or familial premature coronary artery disease; and highly positive ETTs. A total score >9.5 was the optimal cutoff point for differentiating CSX from obstructive coronary artery disease.

Our proposed scoring system is a simple, objective, and accurate system for distinguishing CSX from obstructive coronary artery disease in women with typical angina and positive ETTs. It may help determine which of these patients need invasive coronary angiograms or noninvasive tests like computed tomographic coronary angiography.

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