Impact of Diabetes on the Gut and Salivary IgA Microbiomes

Authors

Eric L Brown
Heather T Essigmann
Kristi L Hoffman
Noah W Palm
Sarah M Gunter
Joel M Sederstrom
Joseph F Petrosino
Goo Jun
David Aguilar
William B Perkison
Craig L Hanis
Herbert L DuPont

Publication Date

11-16-2020

Journal

Infection and Immunity

Abstract

Mucosal surfaces like those present in the lung, gut, and mouth interface with distinct external environments. These mucosal gateways are not only portals of entry for potential pathogens but also homes to microbial communities that impact host health. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is the single most abundant acquired immune component secreted onto mucosal surfaces and, via the process of immune exclusion, shapes the architecture of these microbiomes. Not all microorganisms at mucosal surfaces are targeted by SIgA; therefore, a better understanding of the SIgA-coated fraction may identify the microbial constituents that stimulate host immune responses in the context of health and disease. Chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes are associated with altered microbial communities (dysbiosis) that in turn affect immune-mediated homeostasis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of SIgA-coated/uncoated bacteria (IgA-Biome) was conducted on stool and saliva samples of normoglycemic participants and individuals with prediabetes or diabetes (

Keywords

Adult, Bacteria, Classification, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Discriminant Analysis, Dysbiosis, Feces, Female, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Saliva