Publication Date
3-1-2024
Journal
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med
DOI
10.1101/cshperspect.a041328
PMID
37217281
PMCID
PMC10810718
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
3-14-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Mice, Rats, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Neoplasms, Oncogenes, Epithelial Cells
Abstract
Rodent models of breast cancer have played critical roles in our understanding of breast cancer development and progression as well as preclinical testing of cancer prevention and therapeutics. In this article, we first review the values and challenges of conventional genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and newer iterations of these models, especially those with inducible or conditional regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Then, we discuss nongermline (somatic) GEM models of breast cancer with temporospatial control, made possible by intraductal injection of viral vectors to deliver oncogenes or to manipulate the genome of mammary epithelial cells. Next, we introduce the latest development in precision editing of endogenous genes using in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 technology. We conclude with the recent development in generating somatic rat models for modeling estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, something that has been difficult to accomplish in mice.
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Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity Commons, Geriatrics Commons, Medical Genetics Commons, Medical Immunology Commons