Publication Date
12-1-2023
Journal
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
DOI
10.1016/j.numecd.2023.08.002
PMID
37798236
PMCID
PMC10842938
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
2-5-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Adult, Humans, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hispanic or Latino, Homeostasis, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Persea, Public Health, Diet
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To investigate associations between avocado intake and glycemia in adults with Hispanic/Latino ancestry.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The associations of avocado intake with measures of insulin and glucose homeostasis were evaluated in a cross-sectional analysis of up to 14,591 Hispanic/Latino adults, using measures of: average glucose levels (hemoglobin A1c; HbA1c), fasting glucose and insulin, glucose and insulin levels after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and calculated measures of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, and HOMA-%β), and insulinogenic index. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression models, which controlled for sociodemographic factors and health behaviors, and which were stratified by dysglycemia status. In those with normoglycemia, avocado intake was associated with a higher insulinogenic index (β = 0.17 ± 0.07, P = 0.02). In those with T2D (treated and untreated), avocado intake was associated with lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; β = -0.36 ± 0.21, P = 0.02), and lower fasting glucose (β = -0.27 ± 0.12, P = 0.02). In the those with untreated T2D, avocado intake was additionally associated with HOMA-%β (β = 0.39 ± 0.19, P = 0.04), higher insulin values 2-h after an oral glucose load (β = 0.62 ± 0.23, P = 0.01), and a higher insulinogenic index (β = 0.42 ± 0.18, P = 0.02). No associations were observed in participants with prediabetes.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed an association of avocado intake with better glucose/insulin homeostasis, especially in those with T2D.
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