Twelve-Month Psychosocial Outcomes of Continuous Glucose Monitoring with Behavioural Support in Parents of Young Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Authors

Persis V Commissariat
Linda A DiMeglio
Lauren G Kanapka
Lori M Laffel
Kellee M Miller
Barbara J Anderson
Marisa E Hilliard

Publication Date

8-1-2023

Journal

Diabetic Medicine

DOI

10.1111/dme.15120

PMID

37083018

PMCID

PMC10524740

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

8-1-2024

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Blood Glucose, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Hypoglycemia, Parents, randomized clinical trial, young children, CGM, type 1 diabetes, burden, fear of hypoglycemia

Abstract

AIM: Managing type 1 diabetes in young children can cause significant stress for parents. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may reduce parental burden. The Strategies to Enhance CGM Use in Early Childhood (SENCE) trial randomized parents of children (ages 2 to <8 >years) with type 1 diabetes to CGM with family behavioural intervention (CGM + FBI), CGM alone (Standard-CGM) or blood glucose monitoring for 26 weeks before receiving CGM + FBI (BGM-Crossover). This report assesses changes in psychosocial outcomes for all groups over 52 weeks.

METHODS: CGM + FBI (n = 45), Standard-CGM (n = 42) and BGM-Crossover (n = 44) participants completed psychosocial assessments at baseline, 26 weeks and 52 weeks. Repeated measures linear regression models evaluated change within and between treatment groups.

RESULTS: The BGM-Crossover group reported improved diabetes burden (Δ -6.9, 95% CI [-11.3, -2.6], p = 0.003), fear of hypoglycaemia (Δ -6.4, CI [-10.1, -2.6], p = 0.002) and technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [2.4, 12.2], p = 0.005) from 26 to 52 weeks, similar to published findings in the CGM + FBI group over the first 26 weeks. The Standard-CGM group reported increased technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [0.6, 14.0], p = 0.027) from baseline to 52 weeks. The CGM + FBI group reported less diabetes burden and fear of hypoglycaemia from baseline to 52 weeks, but changes were not statistically significant. Scores from 26 to 52 weeks did not deteriorate.

CONCLUSIONS: Parents demonstrated psychosocial benefits following FBI that appeared to maintain without additional intervention. CGM-focused education with behavioural support likely helps parents of young children with type 1 diabetes reduce burden and worry in the short- and long-term.