Publication Date
1-1-2025
Journal
OTO Open
DOI
10.1002/oto2.70059
PMID
39759945
PMCID
PMC11696885
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
1-3-2025
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
aerodigestive, children, tracheoesophageal fistula, triple endoscopy
Abstract
Children post-tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) repair may present with chronic respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms that can affect quality of life.
OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with positive findings on triple endoscopy following neonatal TEF repair.
STUDY DESIGN: Case series with retrospective review of patients.
SETTING: Tertiary care center aerodigestive program.
METHODS: Children with neonatally repaired congenital TEF who had a triple endoscopy between 2011 and 2022 were reviewed. The presence of chronic cough, recurrent pulmonary infections, lipid-laden macrophages (LLM), and airway and esophageal anomalies were among the variables analyzed. Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis univariate analysis was performed.
RESULTS: The mean age was 4.28 ± 4.65 years old, and the most common type of TEF repaired was type C (78%). Within our cohort, 87% of patients had GERD, 60% of patients had prior esophageal dilations, and 84% of patients had tracheomalacia. Thirty-one (46.3%) patients had laryngeal cleft, of which 77.4% had a history of prior esophageal dilations (
CONCLUSION: Chronic cough was frequently reported and associated with tracheal diverticulum, recurrent TEF, and positive LLM findings on triple endoscopy in patients after congenital TEF repair. Patients presenting with chronic cough and stridor following congenital TEF repair may benefit from a multidisciplinary evaluation.
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