Proteome Analysis for Inflammation Related to Acute and Convalescent Infection

Authors

Tara K Sigdel
Swastika Sur
Patrick Boada
Suzanne M McDermott
Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn
Kristy O Murray
Linda K Bockenstedt
Maggie Kerwin
Elaine F Reed
Eva Harris
Ken Stuart
Bjoern Peters
Ana Sesma
Ruth R Montgomery
Minnie M Sarwal

Publication Date

2-1-2024

Journal

Inflammation

DOI

10.1007/s10753-023-01913-3

PMID

37831367

PMCID

PMC10799112

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

10-13-2023

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Humans, Proteome, West Nile virus, Inflammation, Cytokines, Signal Transduction, Pathogens, Proteomics, BK virus, CMV, Tuberculosis, Malaria, West Nile virus, Lyme disease, Dengue

Abstract

Infectious diseases are a significant burden in global healthcare. Pathogens engage with different host defense mechanisms. However, it is currently unknown if there are disease-specific immune signatures and/or if different pathogens elicit common immune-associated molecular entities to common therapeutic interventions. We studied patients enrolled through the Human Immunology Project Consortium (HIPC), which focuses on immune responses to various infections. Blood samples were collected and analyzed from patients during infection and follow-up time points at the convalescent stage. The study included samples from patients with Lyme disease (LD), tuberculosis (TB), malaria (MLA), dengue virus (DENV), and West Nile virus (WNV), as well as kidney transplant patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and polyomavirus (BKV) infections. Using an antibody-based assay, we quantified ~ 350 cell surface markers, cytokines, and chemokines involved in inflammation and immunity. Unique protein signatures were identified specific to the acute phase of infection irrespective of the pathogen type, with significant changes during convalescence. In addition, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (TNR6), C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 7 (CCR7), and C-C motif chemokine ligand-1 (CCL1) were increased in the acute and convalescent phases across all viral, bacterial, and protozoan compared to blood from healthy donors. Furthermore, despite the differences between pathogens, proteins were enriched in common biological pathways such as cell surface receptor signaling pathway and response to external stimulus. In conclusion, we demonstrated that irrespective of the pathogen type, there are common immunoregulatory and proinflammatory signals.