Multi-Omics Delineate Growth Factor Network Underlying Exercise Effects in an Alzheimer’s Mouse Model

Authors

Xin Li
Chaozhong Liu
Wenbo Li
Guantong Qi
Yanwan Dai
Chaohao Gu
Yuxiang Sun
Wenjun Zhou
Veronica C Ciliberto
Jing Liang
Udhaya Kumar S
Dongyin Guan
Zhaoyong Hu
Hui Zheng
Zhandong Liu
Hu Chen
Ying-Wooi Wan
Zheng Sun

Publication Date

3-1-2025

Journal

Alzheimer's & Dementia

DOI

10.1002/alz.70024

PMID

40156268

PMCID

PMC11953571

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

3-29-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Animals, Alzheimer Disease, Mice, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Disease Models, Animal, Hippocampus, Mice, Transgenic, Signal Transduction, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, ErbB Receptors, Male, Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor, Transcriptome, Multiomics, Alzheimer's disease, cognition, growth factor, hippocampus, physical exercise

Abstract

Introduction: Physical exercise is a primary defense against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We conducted single-nucleus transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses (snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq) on the hippocampus of mice carrying mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APPNL-G-F) following prolonged voluntary wheel-running exercise.

Results: Exercise mitigates amyloid-induced changes in transcriptome and chromatin accessibility through cell type-specific regulatory networks converging on growth factor signaling, particularly the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The beneficial effects of exercise on neurocognition can be blocked by pharmacological inhibition of EGFR and its downstream PI3K signaling. Exercise leads to elevated levels of heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), and intranasal administration of HB-EGF enhances memory function in sedentary APPNL-G-F mice.

Discussion: These findings offer a panoramic delineation of cell type-specific hippocampal transcriptional networks activated by exercise and suggest EGFR signaling as a druggable contributor to exercise-induced memory enhancement to combat AD-related cognitive decline.

Highlights: snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq analysis of APPNL-G-F mice after prolonged wheel-running. Exercise counteracts amyloid-induced transcriptomic and accessibility changes. Networks converge on the activation of EGFR and insulin signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of EGFR and PI3K blocked cognitive benefits of exercise. Intranasal HB-EGF administration enhances memory in sedentary APPNL-G-F mice.