Fibroblast Growth Factor 15/19 Expression, Regulation, and Function: An Overview

Authors

Greg Guthrie
Caitlin Vonderohe
Douglas Burrin

Publication Date

5-15-2022

Journal

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

DOI

10.1016/j.mce.2022.111617

PMID

35301051

PMCID

PMC9038700

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

5-15-2023

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Bile Acids and Salts, Endocrine System, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Glucose, Humans, Signal Transduction, Fibroblast growth factor 19, bile acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, farnesoid x receptor

Abstract

Since the discovery of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19 over 20 years ago, our understanding of the peptide and its role in human biology has moved forward significantly. A member of a superfamily of paracrine growth factors regulating embryonic development, FGF19 is unique in that it is a dietary-responsive endocrine hormone linked with bile acid homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, energy expenditure, and protein synthesis during the fed to fasted state. FGF19 achieves this through targeting multiple tissues and signaling pathways within those tissues. The diverse functional capabilities of FGF19 is due to the unique structural characteristics of the protein and its receptor binding in various cell types. This review will cover the current literature on the protein FGF19, its target receptors, and the biological pathways they target through unique signaling cascades.