Influence of Oral Microbiome on Longitudinal Patterns of Oral Mucositis Severity in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Authors

Liangliang Zhang
Erin Marie D San Valentin
Teny M John
Robert R Jenq
Kim-Anh Do
Ehab Y Hanna
Christine B Peterson
Cielito C Reyes-Gibby

Publication Date

1-1-2024

Journal

Cancer

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the influence of oral microbial features on the trajectory of oral mucositis (OM) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Methods: OM severity was assessed and buccal swabs were collected at baseline, at the initiation of cancer treatment, weekly during cancer treatment, at the termination of cancer treatment, and after cancer treatment termination. The oral microbiome was characterized via the 16S ribosomal RNA V4 region with the Illumina platform. Latent class mixed-model analysis was used to group individuals with similar trajectories of OM severity. Locally estimated scatterplot smoothing was used to fit an average trend within each group and to assess the association between the longitudinal OM scores and longitudinal microbial abundances.

Results: Four latent groups (LGs) with differing patterns of OM severity were identified for 142 subjects. LG1 has an early onset of high OM scores. LGs 2 and 3 begin with relatively low OM scores until the eighth and 11th week, respectively. LG4 has generally flat OM scores. These LGs did not vary by treatment or clinical or demographic variables. Correlation analysis showed that the abundances of Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, Bacteroidales, Aerococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, Abiotrophia, and Prevotella_7 were positively correlated with OM severity across the four LGs. Negative correlation was observed with OM severity for a few microbial features: Abiotrophia and Aerococcaceae for LGs 2 and 3; Gammaproteobacteria and Proteobacteria for LGs 2, 3, and 4; and Enterobacterales for LGs 2 and 4.

Conclusions: These findings suggest the potential to personalize treatment for OM.

Keywords

Humans, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Stomatitis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Microbiota, latent class mixed model, locally estimated scatterplot smoothing, oral microbiome, oral mucositis, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

DOI

10.1002/cncr.35001

PMID

37688396

PMCID

PMC10872366

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

1-1-2024

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes