Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Myeloid Malignancies and DDX41 Variants

Authors

Alex Bataller
Sanam Loghavi
Yoheved Gerstein
Alexandre Bazinet
Koji Sasaki
Kelly S Chien
Danielle Hammond
Guillermo Montalban-Bravo
Gautam Borthakur
Nicholas Short
Ghayas C Issa
Tapan M Kadia
Naval Daver
Guilin Tang
Andres Quesada
Keyur P Patel
Farhad Ravandi
Warren Fiskus
Cristopher P Mill
Hagop M Kantarjian
Kapil Bhalla
Guillermo Garcia-Manero
Betul Oran
Courtney D DiNardo

Publication Date

11-1-2023

Journal

American Journal of Hematology

Abstract

DDX41 is the most frequently mutated gene in myeloid neoplasms associated with germline predisposition including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We analyzed 3795 patients with myeloid neoplasms and identified 151 (4%) with DDX41 variants and a diagnosis of AML (n = 96), MDS (n = 52), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 3). The most frequent DDX41 variants were the somatic variant p.R525H, followed by the germline variants p.M1I and p.D140fs. Most neoplasms had a normal karyotype (59%) and the most frequent co-mutations were TP53 (16%) and ASXL1 (15%). 30% of patients had no concomitant mutations besides DDX41 mutation. Patients with myeloid malignancies and DDX41 variants responded well to therapy, with an overall response rate for patients with treatment naïve AML and MDS of 87% and 84%, respectively. The median overall survival (mOS) of patients with treatment-naïve AML or MDS was 49 and 71 months, respectively. Patients with AML treated with low-intensity regimens including venetoclax had an improved survival (2-year OS 91% vs. 60%, p = .02) and lower cumulative incidence of relapse compared to those treated without venetoclax (10% vs. 56%, p = .03). In the 33% of patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the 2-year OS was 80% and 85% for AML and MDS, respectively.

Keywords

Humans, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Adult, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Aged, 80 and over, Sulfonamides, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Mutation, Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Germ-Line Mutation, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Repressor Proteins

DOI

10.1002/ajh.27070

PMID

37665752

PMCID

PMC11770637

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

1-27-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Published Open-Access

yes