A Pan-Tumor Review of the Role of Poly(adenosine Diphosphate Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors

Authors

Chadi Hage Chehade
Georges Gebrael
Nicolas Sayegh
Zeynep Irem Ozay
Arshit Narang
Tony Crispino
Talia Golan
Jennifer K Litton
Umang Swami
Kathleen N Moore
Neeraj Agarwal

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Journal

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

Abstract

Poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, such as olaparib, talazoparib, rucaparib, and niraparib, comprise a therapeutic class that targets PARP proteins involved in DNA repair. Cancer cells with homologous recombination repair defects, particularly BRCA alterations, display enhanced sensitivity to these agents because of synthetic lethality induced by PARP inhibitors. These agents have significantly improved survival outcomes across various malignancies, initially gaining regulatory approval in ovarian cancer and subsequently in breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers in different indications. This review offers a comprehensive clinical overview of PARP inhibitor approvals, emphasizing their efficacy across different cancers based on landmark phase 3 clinical trials.

Keywords

Humans, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Neoplasms, Female, Phthalazines, Male, Ovarian Neoplasms, Antineoplastic Agents, Piperazines, Breast Neoplasms, Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic, Piperidines, Prostatic Neoplasms, Indoles, Indazoles, Pancreatic Neoplasms, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase inhibitors, prostate cancer.

DOI

10.3322/caac.21870

PMID

39791278

PMCID

PMC11929130

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

1-10-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes