Sociodemographic and Patient Reported Outcomes by Racial and Ethnicity Status Among Participants in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Methamphetamine Use Disorder

Authors

Chukwuemeka N Okafor
Thomas Carmody
Angela L Stotts
Gavin Bart
Taryn L Mayes
Tara Karns-Wright
Madhukar Trivedi
Steve Shoptaw
Jennifer S Potter

Publication Date

6-1-2024

Journal

Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports

Abstract

Background: There has been a significant increase in methamphetamine use and methamphetamine use disorder (Meth UD) in the United States, with evolving racial and ethnic differences.

Objectives: This secondary analysis explored racial and ethnic differences in baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as treatment effects on a measure of substance use recovery, depression symptoms, and methamphetamine craving among participants in a pharmacotherapy trial for Meth UD.

Methods: The ADAPT-2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03078075; N=403; 69% male) was a multisite, 12-week randomized, double-blind, trial that employed a two-stage sequential parallel design to evaluate the efficacy of combination naltrexone (NTX) and oral bupropion (BUP) vs. placebo for Meth UD. Treatment effect was calculated as the weighted mean change in outcomes in the NTX-BUP minus placebo group across the two stages of treatment.

Results: Of the 403 participants in the ADAPT-2 trial, the majority (65%) reported non-Hispanic White, while 14%, 11% and 10% reported Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic other racial and ethnic categories respectively. At baseline non-Hispanic Black participants reported less severe indicators of methamphetamine use than non-Hispanic White. Treatment effects for recovery, depression symptoms and methamphetamine cravings did not significantly differ by race and ethnicity.

Conclusions: Although we found racial and ethnic differences at baseline, our findings did not show racial and ethnic differences in treatment effects of NTX-BUP on recovery, depression symptoms and methamphetamine cravings. However, our findings also highlight the need to expand representation of racial and ethnic minority groups in future trials.

Keywords

Methamphetamine use disorder, Treatment, Racial and ethnic disparities, Patient reported outcomes

DOI

10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100230

PMID

38665252

PMCID

PMC11043883

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

4-6-2024

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes