Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Publication Date
9-15-2022
Journal
Molecular Therapy Oncolytics
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are lethal central nervous system tumors that spread quickly through the brain, making treatment challenging. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cellular adhesion, migration, growth, and survival. Their upregulation and inverse correlation in HGG malignancy make targeting integrins a viable therapeutic option. Integrins also play a role in herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) entry. Oncolytic HSV-1 (oHSV) is the most clinically advanced oncolytic virotherapy, showing a superior safety and efficacy profile over standard cancer treatment of solid cancers, including HGG. With the FDA-approval of oHSV for melanoma and the recent conditional approval of oHSV for malignant glioma in Japan, usage of oHSV for HGG has become of great interest. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the role of integrins in relation to oHSV, with a special focus on its therapeutic potential against HGG. We discuss the pros and cons of targeting integrins during oHSV therapy: while integrins play a pro-therapeutic role by acting as a gateway for oHSV entry, they also mediate the innate antiviral immune responses that hinder oHSV therapeutic efficacy. We further discuss alternative strategies to regulate the dual functionality of integrins in the context of oHSV therapy.
Keywords
oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1, oHSV, integrins, focal adhesion kinase, FAK, tumor microenvironment, TME, glioblastoma, GBM
DOI
10.1016/j.omto.2022.05.013
PMID
35795093
PMCID
PMC9233184
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
6-6-2022
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
yes