Publication Date

8-1-2014

Journal

The Texas Heart Journal

DOI

10.14503/THIJ-13-3722

PMID

25120393

Publication Date(s)

August 2014

Language

English

PMCID

PMC4120503

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

8-1-2014

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-Print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Autoimmune diseases/complications, bacteremia, endocarditis, immunocompromised host, nontyphoidal Salmonella, pericarditis, prosthesis-related infections, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella infections/epidemiology/etiology/mortality/transmission

Abstract

Nontyphoidal Salmonella, especially Salmonella enterica, is a rare cause of endocarditis and pericarditis that carries a high mortality rate. Proposed predisposing conditions include immunodeficiency states, congenital heart defects, and cardiac valve diseases. We present 2 cases of cardiovascular salmonellosis. The first case is that of a 73-year-old woman with mechanical mitral and bioprosthetic aortic valves who died from sequelae of nontyphoidal Salmonella mitral valve vegetation, aortic valve abscess, and sepsis. The second case is that of a 62-year-old man with a recent systemic lupus erythematosus exacerbation treated with oral steroids, who presented with obstructive features of tamponade and sepsis secondary to a large S. enteritidis purulent pericardial cyst. He recovered after emergent pericardial drainage and antibiotic therapy. Identifying patients at risk of cardiovascular salmonellosis is important for early diagnosis and treatment to minimize sequelae and death. We reviewed the literature to identify the predisposing risk factors of nontyphoidal Salmonella cardiac infection.

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