Publication Date
8-1-2014
Journal
The Texas Heart Journal
DOI
10.14503/THIJ-13-3722
PMID
25120393
Publication Date(s)
August 2014
Language
English
PMCID
PMC4120503
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
8-1-2014
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-Print
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Autoimmune diseases/complications, bacteremia, endocarditis, immunocompromised host, nontyphoidal Salmonella, pericarditis, prosthesis-related infections, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella infections/epidemiology/etiology/mortality/transmission
Copyright
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella, especially Salmonella enterica, is a rare cause of endocarditis and pericarditis that carries a high mortality rate. Proposed predisposing conditions include immunodeficiency states, congenital heart defects, and cardiac valve diseases. We present 2 cases of cardiovascular salmonellosis. The first case is that of a 73-year-old woman with mechanical mitral and bioprosthetic aortic valves who died from sequelae of nontyphoidal Salmonella mitral valve vegetation, aortic valve abscess, and sepsis. The second case is that of a 62-year-old man with a recent systemic lupus erythematosus exacerbation treated with oral steroids, who presented with obstructive features of tamponade and sepsis secondary to a large S. enteritidis purulent pericardial cyst. He recovered after emergent pericardial drainage and antibiotic therapy. Identifying patients at risk of cardiovascular salmonellosis is important for early diagnosis and treatment to minimize sequelae and death. We reviewed the literature to identify the predisposing risk factors of nontyphoidal Salmonella cardiac infection.