Publication Date

3-19-2021

Journal

iScience

DOI

10.1016/j.isci.2021.102186

PMID

33718838

PMCID

PMC7921843

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

2-12-2021

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Immunology, Developmental Biology, Transcriptomics

Abstract

Microglia are ubiquitous central nervous system (CNS)-resident macrophages that maintain homeostasis of neural tissues and protect them from pathogen attacks. Yet, their differentiation in different compartments remains elusive. We performed single-cell RNA-seq to compare microglial subtypes in the cortex and the spinal cord. A multi-way comparative analysis was carried out on samples from C57/BL and HIV gp120 transgenic mice at two, four, and eight months of age. The results revealed overlapping but distinct microglial populations in the cortex and the spinal cord. The differential heterogeneity of microglia in these CNS regions was further suggested by their disparity of plasticity in response to life span progression and HIV-1 pathogenic protein gp120. Our findings indicate that microglia in different CNS compartments are adapted to their local environments to fulfill region-specific biological functions.

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