REV-ERB in GABAergic neurons controls diurnal hepatic insulin sensitivity.

Authors

Guolian Ding
Xin Li
Xinguo Hou
Wenjun Zhou
Yingyun Gong
Fuqiang Liu
Yanlin He
Jia Song
Jing Wang
Paul Basil
Wenbo Li
Sichong Qian
Pradip Saha
Jinbang Wang
Chen Cui
Tingting Yang
Kexin Zou
Younghun Han
Christopher I Amos
Yong Xu
Li Chen
Zheng Sun

Publication Date

4-1-2021

DOI

10.1038/s41586-021-03358-w

PMID

33762728

PMCID

PMC8085086

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

9-24-2021

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Animals, Blood Glucose, Circadian Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, GABAergic Neurons, Glucose, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Middle Aged, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1, Photoperiod, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Synaptic Transmission

Abstract

Systemic insulin sensitivity shows diurnal rhythm with a peak at wakening1,2. The molecular mechanism underlying such a temporal pattern is unclear. Here we demonstrate that nuclear receptors Rev-erbα/β in the GABAergic neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCNGABA) control the diurnal rhythm of insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose production in mice, without affecting diurnal eating or locomotor behaviors under the regular light-dark cycles. Rev-erb regulates the rhythmic expression of genes involved in neurotransmission in the SCN and modulates the oscillatory firing activity of SCNGABA neurons. Chemogenetic stimulation of SCNGABA neurons at wakening causes glucose intolerance, while restoration of the temporal pattern of either SCNGABA neuron firing or Rev-erb expression rescues the time-dependent glucose metabolic phenotype due to Rev-erb depletion. The elevated blood glucose level after awakening is a defining feature of the extended dawn phenomenon (DP) in diabetes patients3,4. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with the extended DP display a differential temporal pattern of Rev-erb gene expression compared to T2D patients without DP. These findings provide mechanistic insights into how the central circadian clock regulates the diurnal rhythm of hepatic insulin sensitivity, which has implications in the extended DP in T2D.

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