Publication Date
2-8-2022
Journal
JCI Insight
DOI
10.1172/jci.insight.153511
PMID
35132959
PMCID
PMC8855806
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
2-8-2022
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-Print
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Adenosine Deaminase, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Epithelium, Female, Gastric Mucosa, Gene Expression Regulation, Male, Metaplasia, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, RNA Editing, RNA, Double-Stranded, RNA-Binding Proteins, Cell Biology, Gastroenterology, Cell stress, Innate immunity
Abstract
Cells recognize both foreign and host-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via a signaling pathway that is usually studied in the context of viral infection. It has become increasingly clear that the sensing and handling of endogenous dsRNA is also critical for cellular differentiation and development. The adenosine RNA deaminase, ADAR1, has been implicated as a central regulator of the dsRNA response, but how regulation of the dsRNA response might mediate cell fate during injury and whether such signaling is cell intrinsic remain unclear. Here, we show that the ADAR1-mediated response to dsRNA was dramatically induced in 2 distinct injury models of gastric metaplasia. Mouse organoid and in vivo genetic models showed that ADAR1 coordinated a cell-intrinsic, epithelium-autonomous, and interferon signaling-independent dsRNA response. In addition, dsRNA accumulated within a differentiated epithelial population (chief cells) in mouse and human stomachs as these cells reprogrammed to a proliferative, reparative (metaplastic) state. Finally, chief cells required ADAR1 to reenter the cell cycle during metaplasia. Thus, cell-intrinsic ADAR1 signaling is critical for the induction of metaplasia. Because metaplasia increases cancer risk, these findings support roles for ADAR1 and the response to dsRNA in oncogenesis.
Included in
Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity Commons, Digestive System Diseases Commons, Gastroenterology Commons, Genetic Phenomena Commons
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