Publication Date
7-22-2024
Journal
Nucleic Acids Research
DOI
10.1093/nar/gkae547
PMID
38932701
PMCID
PMC11260453
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
6-27-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Male, Humans, Receptors, Androgen, Adenocarcinoma, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Prostatic Neoplasms, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Benzamides, Cell Line, Tumor, Nitriles, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Phenylthiohydantoin, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Epigenesis, Genetic, RNA-Binding Proteins, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Animals, Cell Lineage, Mice
Abstract
Androgen receptor- (AR-) indifference is a mechanism of resistance to hormonal therapy in prostate cancer (PC). Here we demonstrate that ONECUT2 (OC2) activates resistance through multiple drivers associated with adenocarcinoma, stem-like and neuroendocrine (NE) variants. Direct OC2 gene targets include the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) and the NE splicing factor SRRM4, which are key drivers of lineage plasticity. Thus, OC2, despite its previously described NEPC driver function, can indirectly activate a portion of the AR cistrome through epigenetic activation of GR. Mechanisms by which OC2 regulates gene expression include promoter binding, enhancement of genome-wide chromatin accessibility, and super-enhancer reprogramming. Pharmacologic inhibition of OC2 suppresses lineage plasticity reprogramming induced by the AR signaling inhibitor enzalutamide. These results demonstrate that OC2 activation promotes a range of drug resistance mechanisms associated with treatment-emergent lineage variation in PC and support enhanced efforts to therapeutically target OC2 as a means of suppressing treatment-resistant disease.
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