Publication Date

10-31-2023

Journal

mBio

DOI

10.1128/mbio.00618-23

PMID

37724870

PMCID

PMC10653913

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

9-19-2023

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Humans, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Antibodies, Inflammation, COVID-19, COVID-19 serotherapy, post-COVID condition (PCC), post-acute sequelae of COVID (PASC), interleukin-6, cytokines, chemokines

Abstract

Post-COVID conditions (PCCs) are common and have significant morbidity. Risk factors for PCC include advancing age, female sex, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Little is known about treatment, inflammation, and PCC. Among 882 individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection participating in a randomized trial of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) vs control plasma with available biospecimens and symptom data, the association between early CCP treatment, cytokine levels, and PCC was evaluated. Cytokine and chemokine levels were assessed at baseline, day 14, and day 90 using a multiplexed sandwich immunoassay (Meso Scale Discovery). Presence of any self-reported PCC symptoms was assessed at day 90. Associations between CCP treatment, cytokine levels, and PCC were examined using multivariate logistic regression models. One third of the 882 participants had day 90 PCC symptoms, with fatigue (14.5%) and anosmia (14.5%) being most common. Cytokine levels decreased from baseline to day 90. In a multivariable analysis, female sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.69 [1.93–3.81]), older age (AOR = 1.32 [1.17–1.50]), and elevated baseline levels of IL-6 (AOR = 1.59 [1.02–2.47]) were independently associated with development of PCC. Those who received early CCP treatment (≤5 days after symptom onset) compared to late CCP treatment had statistically significant lower odds of PCC.

Comments

See commentary "Igniting the slow burn of post-COVID conditions", e01489-23. This article has been corrected. See mBio. 2023 Dec 14;15(1):e02979-23.

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