Publication Date
10-1-2023
Journal
Current Opinion in Microbiology
DOI
10.1016/j.mib.2023.102362
PMID
37536261
PMCID
PMC10529792
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
10-1-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
Animals, Humans, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intestines, Organoids, Viruses, Intestinal Mucosa, Organoids, Enteroids, Enteric bacteria and viruses, microbiome, Co-cultures
Abstract
Laboratory studies of host-microbe interactions have historically been carried out using transformed cell lines and animal models. Although much has been learned from these models, recent advances in the development of multicellular, physiologically active, human intestinal organoid (HIO) cultures are allowing unprecedented discoveries of host-microbe interactions. Here, we review recent literature using HIOs as models to investigate the pathogenesis of clinically important enteric bacteria and viruses and study commensal intestinal microbes. We also discuss limitations of current HIO culture systems and how technical advances and innovative engineering approaches are providing new directions to improve the model. The studies discussed here highlight the potential of HIOs for studying microbial pathogenesis, host-microbe interactions, and for preclinical development of therapeutics and vaccines.