Language
English
Publication Date
11-2-2024
Journal
Nutrients
DOI
10.3390/nu16213773
PMID
39519606
PMCID
PMC11548220 DO
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
11-2-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although some randomized trials have reported beneficial effects of protein intake on cardiometabolic risk factors, evidence from prospective studies have not supported a strong link between protein intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It is also unclear whether diversity in protein intake plays a role in CVD risk.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated prospective associations of (1) protein intake, overall and by food source and (2) diversity of protein sources with risk of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke.
METHODS: In a multi-ethnic cohort of 5879 U.S. adults (45-84 years), who were free of CVD at baseline, protein intake was assessed at baseline (2000-2002) using a validated 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Two different aspects of protein diversity were assessed including count (number of protein food consumed at least once/week) and dissimilarity (diversity of the attributes of the protein sources consumed). Relationships with incident CVD outcomes through 2019 were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity factors.
RESULTS: During 83,430 person-years, 1045 CVD cases were identified, including 668 CHD and 332 stroke cases. In multivariable models, we found no significant associations between protein intake, overall and by food source, with incident CVD, CHD, or stroke. Protein count, but not protein dissimilarity, was weakly associated with CVD risk. We found no significant associations between diversity of consumption of animal or plant food source and CVD outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest protein consumption may not significantly impact CVD risk in middle-aged adults.
Keywords
Humans, Middle Aged, Male, Female, Aged, United States, Aged, 80 and over, Dietary Proteins, Prospective Studies, Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Factors, Ethnicity, Atherosclerosis, Diet, Stroke, Proportional Hazards Models, Coronary Disease
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Tark, Ji Yun; Li, Ruosha; Yu, Bing; et al., "Protein Consumption and Risk of CVD Among U.S. Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)" (2024). Faculty and Staff Publications. 3529.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/3529
Included in
Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons, Cardiology Commons, Cardiovascular Diseases Commons, Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons, Medicine and Health Commons, Neurosciences Commons, Nutrition Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons