Publication Date
11-1-2024
Journal
Current Developments in Nutrition
DOI
10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104462
PMID
39624807
PMCID
PMC11609643
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
9-26-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
yes
Keywords
glucose homeostasis, insulin, glycemia, dysglycemia, oral glucose tolerance test, metabolites, diet patterns
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dietary quality has been linked to better glycemic control, but the precise molecular mechanisms giving rise to these associations are not fully understood.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of metabolites associated with the intake of a healthy diet with measures of insulin/glucose homeostasis.
METHODS: Using cross-sectional data from 295 United States adults, the associations between 3 diet pattern scores and metabolome-wide metabolites were estimated via linear regression models, which controlled for demographic factors and health behaviors. Subsequently, the associations between the diet-related metabolites with 6 measures of glucose/insulin homeostasis were examined in similar models. A Bonferroni correction was applied to control the family-wise error rate at 5%.
RESULTS: Fifty-five metabolites were significantly associated with ≥1 diet score (all
CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to a priori-defined "healthy diet" is associated with the plasma metabolites that, in turn, are associated with better glycemia. If the associations between replicated in future studies and examined using large-scale longitudinal data, the identified molecules could yield insights into mechanisms by which diet may support glucose and insulin homeostasis.
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Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons, Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons, Neurosciences Commons, Nutrition Commons, Pediatrics Commons
