Language
English
Publication Date
4-1-2023
Journal
Current Problems in Cardiology
DOI
10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101105
PMID
34999157
PMCID
PMC9259756
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
4-1-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Author MSS
Abstract
Background:
Individuals of South Asians (SA) ancestry are predisposed to higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Coronary artery calcium (CAC) volume and density can identify coronary plaque characteristics unique to SA that may provide important prognostic information to identify high risk individuals beyond traditional CAC scores.
Methods:
We used data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA). CAC density and volume were calculated according to established protocols. ASCVD risk was estimated using the pooled cohort equations (PCE). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to study the association between the PCE and advanced CAC measures, and between cardiovascular risk factors and these CAC density and volume.
Results:
Our analyses included 1,155 participants (mean age 57 (SD 9) years, 52% men) with information on CAC measures. After multivariable-adjustment, the PCE was associated with both CAC density (β 0.24, 95% CI 0.12,0.35) and CAC volume (β 0.43, 95% CI 0.38,0.48). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was directly associated with CAC density while waist circumference was inversely associated with it. Body mass index, hypertension status, statin use, diabetes, and HOMA-IR were all directly associated with CAC volume.
Conclusion:
Estimated ASCVD risk is associated with both CAC volume and density among SA. Different cardiometabolic risk factors are associated with CAC density and volume. Future longitudinal studies are required to demonstrate the interrelationship of advanced measures and cardiovascular risk factors with incident ASCVD outcomes.
Keywords
Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Atherosclerosis, Calcium, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, South Asian People, Aged, South Asians, coronary artery calcium, coronary artery calcium density, cardiovascular risk factors
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Al Rifai, Mahmoud; Kanaya, Alka M; Kandula, Namratha R; et al., "Association of Coronary Artery Calcium Density and Volume With Predicted Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in South Asians: The Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study" (2023). Faculty and Staff Publications. 4315.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/4315