Language

English

Publication Date

9-1-2024

Journal

Pregnancy Hypertension

DOI

10.1016/j.preghy.2024.101152

PMID

39213820

PMCID

PMC12594217

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

11-8-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy outcomes, accounting for the progression of variants, vaccines, and treatment modalities.

Study design: We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study at two urban tertiary centers enrolling patients with a confirmed intrauterine singleton pregnancy from December 23, 2020 to July 18, 2022. Patients were evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 infection at enrollment and every trimester using serum antibody testing. The primary outcome was preterm birth. Symptom and treatment data were collected from pregnant patients with COVID-19 infections. Variant strain infection status was determined from local wastewater analysis.

Results: 448 patients were enrolled, and 390 patients were retained through delivery with 159 unexposed and 231 exposed patients, of whom 56 patients (26.0 %) crossed over after enrollment to the exposed cohorts during pregnancy. There was no difference in rates of preterm birth between exposed and unexposed cohorts (14.6 % vs 11.3 %), in deliveries < 34 weeks (1.5 % vs 2.7 %), PPROM, (0.4 % vs 1.3 %), or gestational age at delivery (38.1 vs 38.2). Exposed patients were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder (aOR 2.3, 95 % CI 1.2-4.1), specifically gestational hypertension (aOR 2.8, 95 % CI 1.3--6.0), but not preeclampsia/eclampsia. There were no differences in individual or composite neonatal outcomes.

Conclusions: Our study contributed to the understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes, with increased risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy but overall, no differences in adverse neonatal outcomes. Regular antenatal PCR and antibody screening allowed for higher detection and inclusion of patients with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Keywords

Humans, Pregnancy, Female, COVID-19, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Adult, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Outcome, SARS-CoV-2, Premature Birth, Longitudinal Studies, Infant, Newbornm, Antepartum infectious disease, COVID-19, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Preterm delivery, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy

Published Open-Access

yes

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