Language

English

Publication Date

2-1-2023

Journal

Seminars in Liver Disease

DOI

10.1055/s-0042-1759613

PMID

36572031

Abstract

Complications of cirrhotic portal hypertension (PHTN) in children are broad and include clinical manifestations ranging from variceal hemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) to less common conditions such as hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The approaches to the diagnosis and management of these complications have become standard of practice in adults with cirrhosis with many guidance statements available. However, there is limited literature on the diagnosis and management of these complications of PHTN in children with much of the current guidance available focused on variceal hemorrhage. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature in adults who experience these complications of cirrhotic PHTN beyond variceal hemorrhage and present the available literature in children, with a focus on diagnosis, management, and liver transplant decision making in children with cirrhosis who develop ascites, SBP, HRS, HE, and cardiopulmonary complications.

Keywords

Hypertension, Portal, Liver Transplantation, Esophageal and Gastric Varices, Hepatorenal Syndrome, Liver Cirrhosis, Peritonitis, Ascites, Varicose Veins

Published Open-Access

yes

10-1055-s-0042-1759613-i2200041-toc.jpg (116 kB)
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