Language

English

Publication Date

2-18-2025

Journal

Pharmaceuticals

DOI

10.3390/ph18020269

PMID

40006081

PMCID

PMC11859749

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

2-18-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Lithium is the gold standard for treating Bipolar Disorder (BD), but its effectiveness varies widely. While clinical and environmental factors may influence response, it remains unclear if screening tools can reliably predict lithium response outcomes. This study explores this potential using two widely used screening instruments for BD.

Methods: A total of 146 patients with BD were evaluated. Lithium response was assessed using the Alda Scale, while hypomanic and manic symptoms were characterized through the Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32) and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). Group differences in HCL-32 and MDQ scores were analyzed using ANOVA, and a multivariate model was employed to identify predictors of lithium response.

Results: Of the total sample, 46 (31.5%) patients were identified as lithium responders based on the Alda Scale. Responders exhibited significantly higher HCL-32 scores compared to non-responders (p = 0.023), while no differences were observed in MDQ scores or other sociodemographic characteristics. Linear regression analysis revealed that HCL-32 scores were a significant predictor of Alda Scale scores, with no associations found for age, gender, or MDQ scores.

Conclusions: Our study underscores the importance of considering hypomanic symptoms when estimating lithium response in BD, particularly by utilizing the HCL-32 during screening.

Keywords

lithium, screening, bipolar disorder, hypomania, mania, treatment response, Alda scale

Published Open-Access

yes

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