Outersphere Approach to Increasing the Persistance of Oxygen-Sensitive Europium(II)-Containing Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions toward Imaging of Hypoxia

Authors

Jacob C Lutter
Andrea L Batchev
Caitlyn J Ortiz
Alexander G Sertage
Jonathan Romero
S A Amali S Subasinghe
Steen E Pedersen
Md Abul Hassan Samee
Robia G Pautler
Matthew J Allen

Publication Date

7-1-2023

Journal

Advanced Healthcare Materials

DOI

10.1002/adhm.202203209

PMID

36906514

PMCID

PMC10440236

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

7-1-2024

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Published Open-Access

yes

Keywords

Humans, Europium, Contrast Media, Oxygen, Fluorocarbons, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hypoxia, EuII, hypoxia, MRI, perfluorocarbons

Abstract

Radiographic mapping of hypoxia is needed to study a wide range of diseases. Complexes of EuII are a promising class of molecules to fit this need, but they are generally limited by their rapid oxidation rates in vivo. Here, a perfluorocarbon-nanoemulsion perfused with N2, forms an interface with aqueous layers to hinder oxidation of a new perfluorocarbon-soluble complex of EuII. Conversion of the perfluorocarbon solution of EuII into nanoemulsions results in observable differences between reduced and oxidized forms by MRI both in vitro and in vivo. Oxidation in vivo occurrs over a period of ~30 min compared to <5 min for a comparable EuII-containing complex without nanoparticle interfaces. These results represent a critical step toward delivery of EuII-containing complexes in vivo for the study of hypoxia.

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