Deep-Learning Endomicroscope With Large Field-of-View and Depth-of-Field for Real-Time In Vivo Imaging of Epithelial Cancer Hallmarks

Authors

• Huayu Hou
• Jimin Wu
• Jinyun Liu
• Vivek Boominathan
• Argaja Shende
• Karthik Goli
• Jennifer Carns
• Richard A Schwarz
• Ann M Gillenwater
• Preetha Ramalingam
• Mila P Salcedo
• Kathleen M Schmeler
• Tomasz S Tkaczyk
• Jacob T Robinson
• Ashok Veeraraghavan
• Rebecca R Richards-Kortum

Language

English

Publication Date

5-19-2026

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI

10.1073/pnas.2602705123

PMID

42113975

PMCID

PMC13187819

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

5-11-2026

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

In vivo microscopy (IVM) has shown great promise to improve early detection of epithelial precancer, but it suffers from fundamental trade-offs that limit the resolution, field-of-view (FOV) and depth-of-field (DOF). Here, we present PrecisionView, a compact, deep learning-enabled endomicroscope that breaks these constraints and achieves 20 mm2 FOV and 500 µm DOF with 4 µm resolution, representing approximately 5× increase in FOV and 8× larger DOF compared to conventional IVM with similar resolution. PrecisionView integrates a deep learning-optimized phase mask and real-time reconstruction, enabling rapid in vivo assessment of two key hallmarks of cancer: epithelial cell nuclear morphology and subsurface microvasculature through fluorescence and reflectance imaging. By imaging the oral cavity of healthy volunteers and cervical specimens with precancerous lesions, PrecisionView generates large-scale (1 to 3 cm2) coregistered maps of cellular and vascular structures, revealing distinct microscopic patterns associated with anatomic structures and precancerous lesions. Our results suggest the potential of this computational endomicroscope to address the unmet need for early cancer detection at the point of care.

Keywords

Humans, Deep Learning, Female, Epithelial Cells, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Precancerous Conditions, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, endomicroscopy, extended depth-of-field, large field-of-view, in vivo imaging

Published Open-Access

yes

Recommended Citation

Hou, Huayu; Wu, Jimin; Liu, Jinyun; et al., "Deep-Learning Endomicroscope With Large Field-of-View and Depth-of-Field for Real-Time In Vivo Imaging of Epithelial Cancer Hallmarks" (2026). Faculty, Staff and Students Publications. 7259.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/7259