Language
English
Publication Date
6-25-2026
Journal
Science
DOI
10.1126/science.adx3972
PMID
42348700
Abstract
The exchange of biological matter between bacterial cells drives adaptation and evolution. However, whether bacteria can exchange functional proteins remains unclear. In this work, we found that antibiotic treatment can induce vesicle-mediated horizontal protein transfer within and between bacterial species. We developed a genetic system in Escherichia coli to track transfer events and performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling on an isogenic population of bacteria. Antibiotics stimulated the differentiation of this isogenic population into distinct cell states: donor cells that activated a membrane stress response to release protein-containing vesicles and recipient cells that suppressed this response to acquire protein from their neighbors. Protein uptake enhanced the antibiotic persistence of recipient cells, revealing that vesicle exchange promotes bacterial survival during antibiotic treatment.
Keywords
Anti-Bacterial Agents, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, Protein Transport, Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis, Bacterial Outer Membrane
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Hagstrom, Katelin M; Singh, Shubham; Mageswaran, Shrawan Kumar; et al., "Antibiotics Stimulate Protein Transfer to Persister Cells" (2026). Faculty, Staff and Students Publications. 8581.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/8581