Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications
Language
English
Publication Date
2-1-2021
Journal
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
DOI
10.1152/ajpgi.00311.2020
PMID
33236951
PMCID
PMC7948117
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
11-25-2020
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a manifestation of maladaptive intestinal responses in preterm infants centrally medicated by unattenuated inflammation. Early in the postnatal period, preterm infants develop a deficit in arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid, both potent regulators of inflammation. We hypothesized that the fatty acid composition of parenteral lipid emulsions uniquely induces blood and intestinal fatty acid profiles which, in turn, modifies the risk of NEC development. Forty-two preterm pigs were randomized to receive one of three lipid emulsions containing 100% soybean oil (SO), 15% fish oil (MO15), or 100% fish oil (FO100) with enteral feedings over an 8-day protocol. Blood and distal ileum tissue were collected for fatty acid analysis. The distal ileum underwent histologic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses. Eight pigs [3/14 SO (21%), 3/14 MO15 (21%), and 2/14 FO100 (14%)] developed NEC. No differences in NEC risk were evident between groups despite differences in induced fatty acid profiles in blood and ileal tissue. Metabolomic analysis of NEC versus no NEC tissue revealed differences in tryptophan metabolism and arachidonic acid-containing glycerophospholipids. Proteomic analysis demonstrated no differences by lipid group; however, 15 proteins differentiated NEC versus no NEC in the domains of tissue injury, glucose uptake, and chemokine signaling. Exposure to parenteral lipid emulsions induces unique intestinal fatty acid and metabolomic profiles; however, these profiles are not linked to a difference in NEC development. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses of NEC versus no NEC intestinal tissue provide mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of NEC in preterm infants.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exposure to parenteral lipid emulsions induces unique intestinal fatty acid and metabolomic profiles; however, these profiles are not linked to a difference in NEC risk in preterm pigs. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses provide mechanistic insights into NEC pathogenesis. Compared with healthy ileal tissue, metabolites in tryptophan metabolism and arachidonic acid-containing glycerophospholipids are increased in NEC tissue. Proteomic analysis differentiates NEC versus no NEC in the domains of tissue injury, glucose uptake, and chemokine signaling.
Keywords
Animals, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing, Fat Emulsions, Intravenous, Fatty Acids, Humans, Ileum, Metabolome, Parenteral Nutrition, Premature Birth, Risk Factors, Swine, Swine Diseases, fatty acids, lipid emulsion, metabolomics, necrotizing enterocolitis, preterm
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Yakah, William; Singh, Pratibha; Brown, Joanne; et al., "Parenteral Lipid Emulsions Induce Unique Ileal Fatty Acid and Metabolomic Profiles but Do Not Increase the Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Pigs" (2021). Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications. 118.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/staff_pub/118
Graphical Abstract
Included in
Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons, Nutrition Commons