Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

1-13-2023

Journal

BMC Psychiatry

DOI

10.1186/s12888-022-04491-0

PMID

36639614

PMCID

PMC9840303

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

1-13-2023

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Ayudhaya et al. examined the effect of Behavioral Activation on daily step count and heart rate variability among older adults with depression in a study labeled a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT). However, only one cluster was assigned to either of the study conditions. Such a design would have zero degrees of freedom for inferential testing, because the variation due to cluster membership cannot be estimated apart from the variation due to treatment assignment. Thus, the intervention effect is completely confounded with the cluster effect. The study should be labeled a quasi-experimental study, not a cRCT. Accordingly, the numerical results should be interpreted as associations but not evidence for causal relationships.

Keywords

Humans, Aged, Depression, Thailand, Heart Rate, Behavior Therapy, Cluster randomized trial, Degrees of freedom, Inferential testing, Nesting

Published Open-Access

yes

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