Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

12-1-2023

Journal

Obesity Reviews

DOI

10.1111/obr.13635

PMID

37667550

PMCID

PMC10825777

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

1-30-2024

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

It is increasingly assumed that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to dietary recommendations for the management and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. This phenomenon that not all individuals respond uniformly to a given treatment has become an area of research interest given the rise of personalized and precision medicine. To conduct, interpret, and disseminate this research rigorously and with scientific accuracy, however, requires an understanding of treatment response heterogeneity. Here, we define treatment response heterogeneity as it relates to clinical trials, provide statistical guidance for measuring treatment response heterogeneity, and highlight study designs that can quantify treatment response heterogeneity in nutrition and obesity research. Our goal is to educate nutrition and obesity researchers in how to correctly identify and consider treatment response heterogeneity when analyzing data and interpreting results, leading to rigorous and accurate advancements in the field of personalized medicine.

Keywords

Humans, Obesity, Diet, Nutritional Status, Precision Medicine, Research Design, Heterogeneity, precision medicine, Tailored Treatment, Balaam design, N-of-1, Crossover, SEX, Ethnic differences, Heterogeneity of Treatment effect, Personalized Nutrition

Published Open-Access

yes

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