Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Publication Date

7-1-2022

Journal

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Despite artificial intelligence (AI) being used increasingly in healthcare, implementation challenges exist leading to potential biases during the clinical decision process of the practitioner. The interaction of AI with novice clinicians was investigated through an identification task, an important component of diagnosis, in dental radiography. The study evaluated the performance, efficiency, and confidence level of dental students on radiographic identification of furcation involvement (FI), with and without AI assistance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two third- and 19 fourth-year dental students (DS3 and DS4, respectively) completed remotely administered surveys to identify FI lesions on a series of dental radiographs. The control group received radiographs without AI assistance while the test group received the same radiographs and AI-labeled radiographs. Data were appropriately analyzed using the Chi-square, Fischer's exact, analysis of variance, or Kruskal-Wallis tests.

RESULTS: Performance between groups with and without AI assistance was not statistically significant except for 1 question where tendency was to err with AI-generated answer (

DISCUSSION: Dental students detecting FI in radiographs with AI assistance had a tendency towards over-reliance on AI.

CONCLUSION: AI input impacts clinical decision-making, which might be particularly exaggerated in novice clinicians. As it is integrated into routine clinical practice, caution must be taken to prevent overreliance on AI-generated information.

Keywords

artificial intelligence; clinical decision support systems; decision-making; dental; furcation defect; radiography

Download

Included in

Dentistry Commons

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.