Psychotic Symptom, Mood, and Cognition-associated Multimodal MRI Reveal Shared Links to the Salience Network Within the Psychosis Spectrum Disorders

Authors

Chuang Liang
Godfrey Pearlson
Juan Bustillo
Peter Kochunov
Jessica A Turner
Xuyun Wen
Rongtao Jiang
Zening Fu
Xiao Zhang
Kaicheng Li
Xijia Xu
Daoqiang Zhang
Shile Qi
Vince D Calhoun

Publication Date

1-3-2023

Journal

Schizophrenia Bulletin

Abstract

Schizophrenia (SZ), schizoaffective disorder (SAD), and psychotic bipolar disorder share substantial overlap in clinical phenotypes, associated brain abnormalities and risk genes, making reliable diagnosis among the three illness challenging, especially in the absence of distinguishing biomarkers. This investigation aims to identify multimodal brain networks related to psychotic symptom, mood, and cognition through reference-guided fusion to discriminate among SZ, SAD, and BP. Psychotic symptom, mood, and cognition were used as references to supervise functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion to identify multimodal brain networks for SZ, SAD, and BP individually. These features were then used to assess the ability in discriminating among SZ, SAD, and BP. We observed shared links to functional and structural covariation in prefrontal, medial temporal, anterior cingulate, and insular cortices among SZ, SAD, and BP, although they were linked with different clinical domains. The salience (SAN), default mode (DMN), and fronto-limbic (FLN) networks were the three identified multimodal MRI features within the psychosis spectrum disorders from psychotic symptom, mood, and cognition associations. In addition, using these networks, we can classify patients and controls and distinguish among SZ, SAD, and BP, including their first-degree relatives. The identified multimodal SAN may be informative regarding neural mechanisms of comorbidity for psychosis spectrum disorders, along with DMN and FLN may serve as potential biomarkers in discriminating among SZ, SAD, and BP, which may help investigators better understand the underlying mechanisms of psychotic comorbidity from three different disorders via a multimodal neuroimaging perspective.

Keywords

Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cognition, Biomarkers

Comments

Supplementary Materials

PMID: 36305162