Canakinumab to reduce deterioration of cardiac and respiratory function in SARS-CoV-2 associated myocardial injury with heightened inflammation (canakinumab in Covid-19 cardiac injury: The three C study)

Authors

Calvin C Sheng
Debasis Sahoo
Siddharth Dugar
Robier Aguillon Prada
Tom Kai Ming Wang
Ossama K Abou Hassan
Danielle Brennan
Daniel A Culver
Prabalini Rajendram
Abhijit Duggal
A Michael Lincoff
Steven E Nissen
Venu Menon
Paul C Cremer

Publication Date

10-1-2020

Journal

Clinical Cardiology

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In patients with Covid-19, myocardial injury and increased inflammation are associated with morbidity and mortality. We designed a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive respiratory failure and worsening cardiac dysfunction in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection, myocardial injury, and high levels of inflammation.

HYPOTHESIS: The primary hypothesis is that canakiumab will shorten time to recovery.

METHODS: The three C study (canakinumab in Covid-19 Cardiac Injury, NCT04365153) is a double-blind, randomized controlled trial comparing canakinumab 300 mg IV, 600 mg IV, or placebo in a 1:1:1 ratio in hospitalized Covid-19 patients with elevations in troponin and C-reactive protein (CRP). The primary endpoint is defined as the time in days from randomization to either an improvement of two points on a seven category ordinal scale or discharge from the hospital, whichever occurs first up to 14 days postrandomization. The secondary endpoint is mortality at day 28. A total of 45 patients will be enrolled with an anticipated 5 month follow up period.

RESULTS: Baseline characteristics for the first 20 randomized patients reveal a predominantly male (75%), elderly population (median 67 years) with a high prevalence of hypertension (80%) and hyperlipidemia (75%). CRPs have been markedly elevated (median 16.2 mg/dL) with modest elevations in high-sensitivity troponin T (median 21 ng/L), in keeping with the concept of enrolling patients with early myocardial injury.

CONCLUSIONS: The three C study will provide insights regarding whether IL-1β inhibition may improve outcomes in patients with SARS-CoV2 associated myocardial injury and increased inflammation.

Keywords

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Biomarkers, COVID-19, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Comorbidity, Double-Blind Method, Heart Failure, Humans, Inflammation, Proof of Concept Study, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Respiratory Insufficiency, SARS-CoV-2