Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Date of Award

Spring 5-2026

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)

Advisor(s)

Carina Katigbak, PhD

Second Advisor

Melanie McEwen, PhD

Third Advisor

Maja Djukic, PhD

Fourth Advisor

Kelley Slack, PhD

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Transition-to-practice (TTP) programs play a crucial role in bridging the academic-to-practice gap for newly licensed Registered Nurses (NLRNs) and improving first-year retention rates. However, these programs may fall short in addressing the specific needs of NLRNs with neurodiversities (NLRN-ND). Neurodiversity (ND) encompasses Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Tourette Syndrome, and the 3 Ds – Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, and Dysgraphia. Unsupportive environments for disclosing neurodiversity and requesting accommodations may contribute to the 10-25% NLRNs leaving their jobs within the first year, with 1-3% exiting the nursing profession altogether. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) explore NLRN-ND experiences in their first year of nursing practice, transitioning from school to the professional nursing role, (2) examine their strategies for managing neurodiversity-related clinical challenges, and (3) describe the assistive resources and support from their TTP program. Methods: A qualitative narrative approach, employing semi-structured, video-recorded interviews captured the first-year experiences of 15 NRN-NDs either currently participating in or recent graduates of a TTP program. Results: Fifteen interviews revealed NRN-NDs possess a strong self-awareness of their neurodiversity-related limitations and utilize various self-regulatory coping mechanisms. Five key themes with eleven subthemes emerged: Self-awareness of Neurodivergent (ND) Attributes, Self-regulated Learning, Collegial Neuroinclusion, Neuroinclusive Work Environment, and Professional Integration. Participants expressed a significant need for enhanced institutional resources and tailored support structures within both the clinical spaces and TTP programs. The study illuminated the critical importance of comprehensive neurodiversity training for preceptors, leaders, and educators on neurodiversity, to cultivate psychologically safe environments conductive to learning and professional growth for all newly licensed registered nurses, particularly individuals with neurodiversity. Conclusion: NRN-NDs face unique challenges that extend beyond typical first-year stressors, highlighting the importance of their successful professional integration and acceptance. While academia has begun to address the needs of the neurodiverse student population, acute care settings must develop robust support systems to create a genuinely neuro-inclusive environment. This proactive approach is essential to cultivating a healthy work environment that retains and empowers both neurodiverse and neurotypical newly licensed RNs.

Keywords

Neurodiversity, Transition-to-practice, Newly Licensed Registered Nurses

Included in

Nursing Commons

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