Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Journal

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health

DOI

10.1177/21501319251358631

PMID

40737105

PMCID

PMC12317164

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

7-30-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Background: Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid depression face complex disease management. Salud y Vida, a diabetes management intervention for Mexican Americans in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas, may mitigate depression through social support and community-clinic referrals.

Methods: In a cohort study, 292 Salud y Vida participants completed the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) at baseline, month 6, and month 12. A PHQ-9 score of ≥5 indicated mild depression and activated a mental health referral. Using SAS 9.4 with significance set at < .05, we conducted multivariable longitudinal negative binomial regression to assess changes in depression level.

Results: The proportion of participants with a PHQ-9 ≥5 decreased from 36% at baseline to 18% in month 6 (adjusted risk ratio = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.41-0.62; P < .001). Among those with clinical depression at baseline (n = 121), mean PHQ-9 scores dropped 45% by month 6 (9.60-5.28; adjusted rate ratio = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.65, P < .001) and an additional 22% by month 12 (5.28-4.10; adjusted rate ratio = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.66, 0.91; P < .002).

Conclusion: Salud y Vida participation is correlated with significant depression symptom improvements in Mexican American adults with diabetes and comorbid depression, demonstrating that chronic care management interventions can address multiple chronic conditions.

Keywords

Humans, Mexican Americans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Depression, Texas, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Poverty, Social Support, Adult, Aged, Patient Health Questionnaire, Cohort Studies, White, diabetes mellitus, depression, underserved communities, behavioral health, lifestyle change

Published Open-Access

yes

Included in

Public Health Commons

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