Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Language
English
Publication Date
10-8-2025
Journal
JMIR Human Factors
DOI
10.2196/67081
PMID
41061268
PMCID
PMC12507379
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
10-8-2025
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Abstract
Background: The collection of dietary behavior data is crucial in childbearing populations. In addition to observed inequities in perinatal dietary intake and quality, burdensome assessment methods (eg, 24-h dietary recall) may limit research participation for some groups. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is associated with reduced recall bias and participant convenience, but there is a dearth of studies with diverse cohorts.
Objective: Our aim is to describe participant completion of food intake items in EMA surveys, overall and across individual characteristics (eg, prepregnancy BMI).
Methods: Using secondary EMA data from participants in a longitudinal study, we report average completion rates of survey items regarding dietary behavior (eg, number of meals eaten in a day) across individual demographic variables (eg, age) and combined strata (eg, race+age) during late pregnancy and throughout 12 months post partum.
Results: In our analytic sample (N=310), the average completion rate was 52.4% (SD 27.8%) during pregnancy, rising to 59.1% (SD 22.0%) after giving birth. Participants who were older (>30 y), overweight before pregnancy, self-identified as White, working, or earning higher annual income (>US $50,000) had higher average completion rates than their counterparts. Examining combined strata, we found some variation in survey completion within racial groups. Black participants using a study phone had higher average completion rates during pregnancy and post partum, but this relationship was reversed for White participants.
Conclusions: Our secondary analysis showed relatively stable engagement with EMA surveys in a childbearing cohort across 15 months. Increased completion rates among privileged groups (eg, White, higher income) may demonstrate the impact of socioeconomic advantages on individual health behaviors. Investigators should consider how intersections between race and other factors (eg, employment) may impact participation and data collection.
Keywords
Humans, Female, Ecological Momentary Assessment, Pregnancy, Adult, Longitudinal Studies, Feeding Behavior, Eating, diet, dietary, dietary behavior, dietary intake, ecological momentary assessment, longitudinal study, post partum, pregnancy, survey
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
Sanders, Sarah Annalise; Omowale, Serwaa; Casas, Andrea; et al., "Completion Rates for Ecological Momentary Assessments of Food Intake During Pregnancy and Post Partum: Descriptive Study" (2025). Faculty, Staff and Student Publications. 1296.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/uthsph_docs/1296