Language

English

Publication Date

7-1-2025

Journal

European Journal of Heart Failure

DOI

10.1002/ejhf.3641

PMID

40204670

PMCID

PMC12370598

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

4-9-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Guidelines for management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) emphasize personalized care, patient engagement, and shared decision-making. Medications and cardiac rhythm management (CRM) devices are recommended with a high level of evidence. However, there are significant disparities: patients who could benefit from devices are frequently referred too late or not at all. Misconceptions about device therapy and the notion that the needs of patients (especially the prevention of sudden cardiac death) can now be met by expanding drug therapies may play a role in these disparities. This state-of-the-art review is produced by members of the DIRECT HF initiative, a patient-centred, expert-led educational programme that aims to advance guideline-directed use of CRM devices in patients with HFrEF. This review discusses the latest evidence on the role of CRM devices in reducing HFrEF mortality and morbidity, and provides practical guidance on patient referral, device selection, implant timing and patient-centred follow-up.

Keywords

Humans, Heart Failure, Stroke Volume, Consensus, Defibrillators, Implantable, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, Europe, Patient‐centred heart failure care, Sudden cardiac death, Cardiac dyssynchrony, Cardiac implantable electronic device, Implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator, Cardiac resynchronization therapy

Published Open-Access

yes

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