Language

English

Publication Date

8-23-2025

Journal

Vaccines

DOI

10.3390/vaccines13090894

PMID

41012100

PMCID

PMC12474329

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

8-23-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Background: School vaccination programs (school-based and school-located) that include the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine have been implemented throughout the United States since 2009.

Methods: We conducted a review of school HPV vaccination programs in PUBMED, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline, and Embase and included peer-reviewed studies originating in the United States that focused on any aspect of HPV school vaccination programs.

Results: Our review yielded 47 articles that fell into several categories: (1) parent and child perceptions, (2) school nurse perceptions, (3) development, (4) implementation, (5) outcomes, and (6) barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination programs in schools.

Conclusions: School vaccination programs including the HPV vaccine have been implemented successfully all over the United States. Overall, nurse, parent, and student perceptions are positive, but there are various barriers to program success. Successes and failures of school HPV vaccination programs should be examined to develop best practices to sustain and expand these impactful programs.

Keywords

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine, adolescent vaccines, school-based vaccination programs

Published Open-Access

yes

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