Language
English
Publication Date
3-17-2026
Journal
Clinical Infectious Diseases
DOI
10.1093/cid/ciag191
PMID
41841257
Abstract
This paper is part of a larger clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of parapneumonic effusion and empyema in children, developed by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this report, the panel provides recommendations for intrapleural fibrinolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) alone over tPA and dornase alfa (DNase) in children (3 months to 18 years) with complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema. The panel's recommendations are based upon evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.
Keywords
Parapneumonic empyema, dornase alfa (DNase), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
St Peter, Shawn D; Ampofo, Krow; Brogan, Thomas; et al., "2026 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society on The Management of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Infants and Children Older than 3 Months of Age: The Use of tPa and DNase or tPa Alone for Fibrinolysis" (2026). Faculty, Staff and Students Publications. 7643.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/baylor_docs/7643