Publication Date
7-30-2022
Journal
Nature Communications
DOI
10.1038/s41467-022-32162-x
PMID
35908073
PMCID
PMC9339008
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
7-30-2022
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
no
Keywords
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Feedback, Glucose, Humans, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Nuclear Proteins, Carbohydrates, Diabetes, Mechanisms of disease, Nuclear transport
Abstract
Preservation and expansion of β-cell mass is a therapeutic goal for diabetes. Here we show that the hyperactive isoform of carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBPβ) is a nuclear effector of hyperglycemic stress occurring in β-cells in response to prolonged glucose exposure, high-fat diet, and diabetes. We show that transient positive feedback induction of ChREBPβ is necessary for adaptive β-cell expansion in response to metabolic challenges. Conversely, chronic excessive β-cell-specific overexpression of ChREBPβ results in loss of β-cell identity, apoptosis, loss of β-cell mass, and diabetes. Furthermore, β-cell "glucolipotoxicity" can be prevented by deletion of ChREBPβ. Moreover, ChREBPβ-mediated cell death is mitigated by overexpression of the alternate CHREBP gene product, ChREBPα, or by activation of the antioxidant Nrf2 pathway in rodent and human β-cells. We conclude that ChREBPβ, whether adaptive or maladaptive, is an important determinant of β-cell fate and a potential target for the preservation of β-cell mass in diabetes.
Included in
Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons, Endocrine System Diseases Commons, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons, Medical Sciences Commons