Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

3-17-2025

Journal

Journal of Infectious Diseases

DOI

10.1093/infdis/jiae556

PMID

39531735

PMCID

PMC11913564

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

3-18-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

Background: Data are limited on whether vaccination reduces post COVID conditions (PCCs) risk after less severe nonhospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed whether COVID-19 vaccination protected against PCCs in persons with mild initial infections during Delta and Omicron variant predominance.

Methods: This study utilized a case-control design, nested within the HEROES-RECOVER cohort. Participants aged ≥18 years with test-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 28 June 2021 and 14 September 2022 were surveyed for PCCs, defined by symptoms lasting >4 weeks after initial infection. Cases self-reported PCCs and controls self-reported no PCCs. The exposure was messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination (2 or 3 monovalent doses). Odds of PCCs among vaccinated and unvaccinated persons were compared with logistic regression.

Results: Of 936 participants, 23.6% reported PCCs and 83.2% were vaccinated. Participants who received 3 vaccine doses had lower odds of PCC-related gastrointestinal, neurological, and other symptoms compared to unvaccinated participants (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.37 [.16-.85], 0.56 [.32-.97], and 0.48 [.25-.91], respectively).

Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination protected against development of PCCs among persons with mild infection during both Delta and Omicron variant predominance, supporting vaccination as an important PCCs prevention tool.

Keywords

Humans, COVID-19, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, COVID-19 Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, Case-Control Studies, Prospective Studies, Vaccination, United States, Young Adult, Aged, Frontline Workers, post-COVID conditions, COVID-19 vaccines, mRNA vaccines, Long COVID, COVID-19

Published Open-Access

yes

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