Author ORCID Identifier

0000-0001-5480-3683

Date of Graduation

5-2026

Document Type

Dissertation (PhD)

Program Affiliation

Cancer Biology

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Advisor/Committee Chair

Ronald A. DePinho

Committee Member

Traver Hart

Committee Member

Florian Muller

Committee Member

Daniel Frigo

Committee Member

Simona Colla

Committee Member

Matt Gubin

Abstract

Functional redundancy among paralogous enzymes is often presumed, yet whether this assumption holds true in cancer remains unclear. Here, we reveal non- redundant and opposing roles for the sulfation paralogues PAPSS1 and PAPSS2, which generate 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS), the universal sulfate donor required for post-translational sulfation. Genomic analyses of human cancers uncover frequent co-deletion of PAPSS2 with PTEN, while PAPSS1 is consistently retained. Despite shared enzymatic activity, our data show that PAPSS1 is essential for tumor initiation and progression, whereas PAPSS2 supports early outgrowth but ultimately constrains tumor progression, in part through enhanced immune surveillance. Notably, tumors that escape dependency on PAPS synthases adopt an anaplerotic, redox-stressed state, thereby revealing a secondary metabolic vulnerability. These findings overturn the assumption of paralogue equivalence, position PAPSS1 as a key sulfation enzyme sustaining oncogenesis, and highlight dual therapeutic opportunities in sulfation-deficient cancers.

Keywords

sulfation, paralogue, prostate, PTEN, PAPSS1, PAPSS2

Available for download on Wednesday, April 28, 2027

Share

COinS