Tumor Microenvironment: Barrier or Opportunity Towards Effective Cancer Therapy

Authors

Aadhya Tiwari
Rakesh Trivedi
Shiaw-Yih Lin

Publication Date

10-17-2022

Journal

Journal of Biomedical Science

Abstract

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D culture and advanced bioinformatic methodologies, it is now possible to study TME's individual components and their interplay at higher resolution. Deeper understanding of the immune cell's diversity, stromal constituents, repertoire profiling, neoantigen prediction of TMEs has provided the opportunity to explore the spatial and temporal regulation of immune therapeutic interventions. The variation of TME composition among patients plays an important role in determining responders and non-responders towards cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, there could be a possibility of reprogramming of TME components to overcome the widely prevailing issue of immunotherapeutic resistance. The focus of the present review is to understand the complexity of TME and comprehending future perspective of its components as potential therapeutic targets. The later part of the review describes the sophisticated 3D models emerging as valuable means to study TME components and an extensive account of advanced bioinformatic tools to profile TME components and predict neoantigens. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive account of the current knowledge available to target TME.

Keywords

Tumor microenvironment, Cancer immunotherapy, 3D models, Checkpoint inhibitors, Specialized microenvironment, TME profiling, CAR-T/NK therapy

Comments

Data Availability Statement

PMID: 36253762